Medicaid by the numbers

Who could benefit most.

An estimated 8.5 to 10 million Medicaid enrollees are living with conditions indicated for psychedelic-assisted therapy — PTSD, treatment-resistant depression, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders — and are not improving on available treatments. Medicaid enrollees are also six times more likely to live below the poverty line than the general population, three times more likely to have experienced four or more adverse childhood events, and significantly more likely to be people of color or unable to work due to disability.

The two charts below — drawn directly from PMHA Alliance’s Access 2030 plan — show who could benefit most: first by condition, then by demographic profile.

Chart 1 — Undertreated conditions

Medicaid adults living with conditions indicated for PAT, and not improving on available care.

PTSD
Post-traumatic stress disorder
7.5M
Adults on Medicaid
40–50%
Inadequate care
~3.4M
Not improving
Treatment-resistant depression
MDD with two or more failed trials
3.9M
Adults on Medicaid
100%
Inadequate care
~3.9M
Not improving
Anxiety disorders
GAD, social anxiety, panic disorder
11.0M
Adults on Medicaid
60–70%
Inadequate care
~7.0M
Not improving
Substance & alcohol use disorders
SUD / AUD
10.0M
Adults on Medicaid
55–70%
Inadequate care
~6.2M
Not improving
Deduplicated total
Unique individuals not improving today, less those medically contraindicated (~4–7%).
8.5–10M

Sources: NSDUH 2023, KFF, MACPAC, Commonwealth Fund, CDC, Census Bureau, Psychedelic Alpha Drug Development Tracker.

Chart 2 — The access gap, in profile

Medicaid clients carry more of the burden — and face more of the barriers.

Below poverty line
federal poverty level
6× higher
Medicaid clients85%
U.S. general adult population14%
People of color
non-white or Hispanic/Latino
1.6× higher
Medicaid clients60%
U.S. general adult population37%
4 or more ACEs
adverse childhood experiences
3× higher
Medicaid clients48%
U.S. general adult population16%
Unable to work
disability or illness
3× higher
Medicaid clients20%
U.S. general adult population7%

Sources: KFF Medicaid enrollment analyses, MACPAC, U.S. Census Bureau (ACS), CDC BRFSS / ACEs module, Commonwealth Fund.